Progress
Not evaluable
Not evaluable

Not evaluable. To assess progress, the indicator should be complemented with additional indicators on the social (e.g., employment, etc) and environmental (energy use, GHG emissions, etc) aspects of tourism

Sub-categories

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Headline data

Tourism direct GDP as a proportion of total GDP and in growth rate
Year Value Units Series
2017 6.4 % GDP generated by tourism as a proportion of total GDP
2021 4.0 % GDP generated by tourism as a proportion of total GDP
2015 6.3 % GDP generated by tourism as a proportion of total GDP
2018 6.3 % GDP generated by tourism as a proportion of total GDP
2012 5.7 % GDP generated by tourism as a proportion of total GDP
2016 6.5 % GDP generated by tourism as a proportion of total GDP
2014 5.9 % GDP generated by tourism as a proportion of total GDP
2013 5.9 % GDP generated by tourism as a proportion of total GDP
2020 3.8 % GDP generated by tourism as a proportion of total GDP
2011 5.5 % GDP generated by tourism as a proportion of total GDP
2022 5.5 % GDP generated by tourism as a proportion of total GDP
2010 5.4 % GDP generated by tourism as a proportion of total GDP
2019 6.3 % GDP generated by tourism as a proportion of total GDP
2023 6.6 % GDP generated by tourism as a proportion of total GDP
2010 1.9 % GDP growth rate generated by tourism
2019 0.0 % GDP growth rate generated by tourism
2022 37.5 % GDP growth rate generated by tourism
2016 3.2 % GDP growth rate generated by tourism
2020 -39.7 % GDP growth rate generated by tourism
2012 3.6 % GDP growth rate generated by tourism
2021 5.3 % GDP growth rate generated by tourism
2011 1.9 % GDP growth rate generated by tourism
2013 3.5 % GDP growth rate generated by tourism
2023 20.0 % GDP growth rate generated by tourism
2017 -1.5 % GDP growth rate generated by tourism
2014 0.0 % GDP growth rate generated by tourism
2015 6.8 % GDP growth rate generated by tourism
2018 -1.6 % GDP growth rate generated by tourism

Geographical Area:

Unit of Measurement:

Footnote:

Methodological sheet of the indicator available for the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country.

Available indicator

GDP generated directly by tourism as a proportion of total GDP and growth rate
Target

8.9 By 2030, devise and implement policies to promote sustainable tourism that creates jobs and promotes local culture and products
Goal

8- Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all
Definition

GDP generated by tourism as a proportion of total GDP at current prices, and annual growth rate of GDP generated by tourism.
Theoretical formula

GDP generated by tourism as a proportion of total GDP

\[PPIB_{tourism}^{t} = \frac{PIB_{tourism}^{t}}{PIB^{t}} \cdot 100\]

where:

$PIB_{tourism}^{t} =$ gross domestic product generated by tourism at current prices in year $t$

$PIB^{t} =$ gross domestic product at current prices in year $t$


Annual growth rate of GDP generated by tourism

\[TCPIB^{t}_{tourism} = \left( \frac{PIB^{t}_{tourism} - PIB^{t-1}_{tourism}}{PIB^{t-1}_{tourism}} \right) \cdot 100\]

where:

$PIB^{t-1}_{tourism} =$ gross domestic product at current prices in year $t-1$
Available disaggregations

Province
Frequency

Annual
Data last updated 2025/08/04
Metadata last updated 2025/06/18

This section provides more information about the United Nations indicator or the European Union Sustainable Development Indicator, such as its rationale, international results, metadata, and other relevant statistics.

Rationale

Target 8.9 has several dimensions and indicator 8.9.1 caters to the core intention of the target which calls to “promote sustainable tourism”. While sustainable tourism is multidimensional in itself (with economic, social and environmental aspects), the economic contribution of tourism captured by this indicator, and (relative) increases or decreases in it, indicates the degree to which tourism is being successfully promoted.

Ideally, this indicator needs to be complemented with additional indicators on the social (e.g. employment, etc.) and environmental (energy use, GHG emissions, etc.) aspects of tourism that can be disaggregated to provide a more complete picture of the promotion of sustainable tourism and thus the monitoring of this target.

This indicator is useful for policy on tourism at international, national level and the level of sub-national regions as it provides a measure of the economic contribution of tourism which can be compared over time, across countries, to total GDP and to the GDP contributions of other economic activities.

Tourism Direct GDP includes the contributions from all forms of tourism—inbound tourism, domestic tourism and outbound tourism—in line with the International Recommendations for Tourism Statistics 2008 (IRTS 2008). The indicator has been found especially useful in raising awareness of the economic importance of tourism and making the case for a more proactive, sustainable management of a sector that is often overlooked in policy agendas at all levels.

Source: United Nations Statistics Division
Comparability between the available indicator and the UN indicator

The available indicator complies with United Nations metadata.
International results

Tourism direct GDP as a proportion of total GDP (%) ST_GDP_ZS UNSTATS
Link to UN metadata

Metadata 8-9-1.pdf
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